20091017 Class Notes

Post date: Oct 17, 2009 3:41:15 PM

Chapters Covered:

3. Medical/Legal and Ethical Issues

4. The Human Body

• • • Directional Terms (take note of Anatomical Position)

      • Remember the following definitions:

        • Plane

        • midline

        • medial

        • lateral

        • bilateral

        • mid-axillary line

        • anterior

        • posterior

        • ventral

        • dorsal

        • superior

        • inferior

        • proximal

        • distal

        • palmer

        • plantar

        • mid-clavicular line

        • abdominal quadrants (AND ORGANS LOCATED IN EACH QUADRANT)

          • RUQ - Right Upper Quadrant

          • LUQ - Left Upper Quadrant

          • RLQ - Right Lower Quadrant

          • LLQ - Left Lower Quadrant

    • Positional Terms

      • supine

      • prone

      • recovery position

      • Fowler's position

      • Trendelenburg position (shock position)

    • Musculoskeletal System

    • Three functions:

• 1. To give the body shape

  2. To protect vital internal organs

  3. To provide for body movement

     1. • Skeletal

          • Skull

            • cranium

            • mandible

            • maxillae

            • zygomatic bones

            • nasal bone

            • orbits

          • Spinal Column

• • • • • Thorax

        • Pelvis

        • Lower Extremities

        • Upper Extremities

        • Joints

        • Muscles

          • Voluntary muscle

          • Involuntary muscle

          • Cardiac muscle

• • • • Respiratory System

      • Cardiovascular System

        • Atria are are at the top

        • Ventricle are at the bottom

        • Blood enters from the

          • Superior vena cava

          • Inferior vena caca

        • Blood Circulation

          • A's carry red oxygenated blood

          • V's carry oxygen deficient blood

          • EXCEPTION!

          • Pulmonary Artery carries oxygen-poor blood to the lungs

          • Capillaries is where the blood gives up oxygen and nutrients to the body as well as carbon dioxide and other wastes are picked up by the blood and moved away to the cells.

        • Carotid artery (goes to brain, used to check pulse in CPR)

        • Femoral artery

        • Brachial artery

        • Radial artery

        • Posterior tibial artery

        • Dorsalis pedis artery

        • Blood Composition

          • Plasma

          • Red blood cells

          • White blood cells

          • Platelets

        • Check Pulse

          • Central Pulses (carotid and femoral)

          • peripheral pulses - everything else

        • Blood Pressure

          • systolic - measure first and is the pressure created in the arteries when the heart contracts

          • diastolic - measured second and is the left over pressure when the heard relaxes and is refilling

          • Perfusion

          • Hypoperfusion (AKA SHOCK)

          • Decomponensated Shock

        • Nervous System

          • central nervous system

            • Brain

            • Spinal Cord

          • peripheral nervous system

            • do not pass through the spinal cord

          • autonomic nervous system

            • a division of the peripheral system

            • controls involuntary systems

              • heart

              • respiratory

              • gatrol...

        • Skin

        • Digestive System

        • Endocrine System

Testing is a matching based system. A good way to study is to use an index card with the term on the front and the definition on the back. For the systems, matching components of the system to a diagram helps as well.